72 



y 1 






[Document C] 

BY THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES. 

May 10, 1801. 
Head, and 2000 copi a ordered to be printed. 



COMMUNICATION 



FROM THE 






»pf irf lalfiBtor^ 



WITH THE 



MAYOR AND BOARD OF POLICE OF BALTI- 
MORE CITY. 



FREDERICK. 

E L I H U S . RILEY* 
1861. 



C M M U N I C A T I N", 



To the Honorable. 

The General Assembly of Maryland : 

In the report recently made to your honorable body by the 
Board of Police Commissioners of the city of Baltimore, it is 
stated that in the great emergency which existed in this city 
on the 19th nit,, it was suggested that the most feasible, if 
not the only practicable mode, of stopping for a time the ap- 
proach of troops to Baltimore, was to obstruct the Philadel- 
phia, Wilmington and Baltimore, and the Northern Central 
Bail Roads, by disabling some of the bridges on both roads. 
And it is added that — " his honor, the Mayor, stated to the 
Board that his Excellency, the Governor, with whom he had 
a few minutes before been in consultation, in the presence of 
several citizens, concurred in these views." 

As this concurrence has since been explicitly denied by his 
Excellency, Governor Hicks, in an official communication 
addressed to the Senate of Maryland on the 4th inst., which 
I have just seen, it is due to myself that I should lay before 
you the grounds on which the statement was made to the 
Board of Police; on which they, as well as myself, acted. I 
seriously regret that so grave a misunderstanding exists be- 
tween the Governor and myself on so important a subject. 

On the evening of the l'Jth ult. , and after the collision had 
taken place, I mentioned to Governor Hicks that I had begun 
to fear it might be necessary to burn the Rail Boad bridges, 
but I did not then, in consequence of intelligence which had 
been received, think it would be. To which he replied that 
he had no autority to give such an order. 

At about 11 o'clock P. M., of the same day, the Hon. H. 
Lenox Bond, George W. Bobbin, and John C. Bruno, Esqrs. , 
were requested by Gov. Hicks and myself, to go to Washing- 
ton in a special train, which was provided for the purpose, to 
explain in person the condition of things in Baltimore, and to 
bear the following communications from Governor Hicks and 
myself, which were addressed to the President; 



\ 1908 --.! 

\ 



3 

Sir: This will be' presented to you by the Hon. IT. Lenox 
Bond, George W. Dobbin and .John 0. Bruno, Esqrs , who 
will proceed to Washington by an express train atmy request, 
in order to explain fully the fearful condition of affairs in 
this city. The people are exasperated to the highest, degree 
hv the passage of troops, and the citizens are universally de- 
cided in the opinion that no more should he ordered to come. 

The authorities of the City did their best to-day to protect 
both strangers and citizens, and to prevent a collision, hut- 
in vain, and hut for their great efforts a fearful slaughter 
would have occurred. 

Under these circumstances, it is my solemn duty to inform 
you that it is not possible for more soldiers to pass through 
Baltimore unless they fight their way at every step. 

I therefore hope and trust, and most earnestly request, that 
no more troops be permitted or ordered by the government 
to pass through the City. If they should attempt it, the re- 
sponsibility for the "bloodshed will not rest upon me. 

With great respect, your oh't serv't, 

GEO. WM. BROWN, Mayor. 



"The following from Governor Hicks was appended to my 
'communication: 

To His Excellency, 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN, 

President of the United States : 

I have been in Baltimore City since Tuesday evening last, 
and co-operated with Mayor G. W. Brown, in his untiring 
efforts to allay and prevent the excitement and suppress 
the fearful outbreak as indicated above, and I fully concur in 
all that is said by him in the above communication. 

Very respectfully, your oh't serv't, 

THOMAS II. HICKS, 

Governor of Maryland, 



Baltimore, May 9th, 1861. 

At about 12 o'clock P. M., the Hon. E. Louis Lowe and 
Marshal George P. Kane called at my house, where Governor 
Hicks was passing the night, and Marshal Kane informed 
me that a telegram had been received that other troops were 
to come to Baltimore over the Northern Central Rail Bead. 
There was also a report that troops were on their way who, 
it was thought, might even then he at Perryville on their 
route to Baltimore. Mr. Lowe, Marshal Kane, my brother 
John Camming Brown, and myself went immediately to the 
chamber of Gov. Hicks, and laid the matter before him. The 
point was pressed that it' troops were suddenly to come to 
Baltimore with a determination to pass through, a terrible 
collision and bloodshed would take place, and the consequen- 
ces to Baltimore would he fearful, and that the only way to 
avert the calamity was to destroy the bridges. To this the 
Governor replied — "it seems to he necessary," or words to 
that effect. 

He was then asked by me whether he gave his consent to 
the destruction of the bridges, and he distinctly, although 
apparently with great reluctance, replied in the affirmative. 
I do not assert that 1 have given the precise language used 
by Governor Hicks, hut I am very clear that I have stated it 
with substantial correctness, and that his assent was une- 
quivocal, and in answer to a question by me which elicited a 
distinct affirmative reply. 

After this, hut before the interview was over, two gentle- 
men came into the room, both of them strangers to me, but 
one was introduced as a brother of Governor Hicks, and lam 
confident that the assent of the Governor to the burning of 
tin; bridges was repeated in the presence of those gentlemen. 

I went immediately from tin* chamber of the Governor to 
the office of the Marshal of Police, where Charles Howard, 
Esq., the President of the Board of Police, was waiting, and 
reported to him the assent of the Governor to the destruction 
of the bridges. 

Mr. Howard, or some one else, made a further inquiry as 
to what ha I been said by the Governor, whereupon Mr. Lowe, 
Marshal Kane, and my brother John V. Brown, all declared 
that they were present at the interview, and heard Governor 
Hicks gave his a: sent. 

The order to destroy the bridges was accordingly given, 
and carried out in the manner already reported to your hon- 
orable body. 

I refer to the accompanying sti tements of Col. Kane and 
Mr. J. C. Brown, in confirmation of the correctness of mv 



I 



recollection of what occurred at the interview with governor 
Hicks. 

With great respect, your ob't serv't, 

GEO. WM. BROWN, Mayor. 



Baltimore, May 9, 1SG1. 

About twelve o'clock, on the night of Friday, 19th April 
last, 1 was present when a conversation took place between 
Gov. Hicks and my brother, the Mayor of Baltimore, in 
reference to the best course to be pursued, by which a repe- 
tition of the troubles which had occurred on that day could 
be prevented - 

It was represented to them by Marshal Kane that troops 
from the North were on their way t<> Baltimore, and might 
by the following morning reach the city. 

The destruction of the bridges on the Northern Centrals 
and the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore railroad, 
was, in the opinion of my brother, the best and most effec- 
tual method to obstruct their progress. In this opinion 
Gov. Hicks fully concurred. When asked by my brother, 
whether or not he gave his consent to the measure, the Gov- 
ernor expressed a desire for time for reflection. Being re- 
minded by those present of the lateness of the hour, and the 
necessity for prompt action, my brother again earnestly ap- 
pealed to Gov. Micks, and asked him for hi nt. Gov. 
Hicks' answer was, in substance, although 1 may not use his 
exact words, — tl l see nothing else to be done." "But sir," 
said my brother, lt I cannot act without your consent, do you 
give it ?" The Governor's reply was distinctly given in 
the affirmative. 

J. CUMMMING BPvOYvX. 



POLICE DEPARTMENT: 

Office of the Marshal, 

Baltimore, May 9, 1861. 

Near the hour of 12 P. M. of Friday, the 19th. April, the 
day on which the collision with the Massachusetts troops oc- 
curred, I received intelligence that the President of the 



6 

Pennsylvania, Central Railroad Company had sent a dispatch 
to a gentleman here, that additional troops would pass 
through Baltimore on their way to the Capitol. 

I immediately sent to the President of the Police Board 
the intelligence referred to, and called at the residence of his 
Honor, Mayor Brown, to whom I, also, communicated the 
information which I had received. 

The Mayor immediately had an interview with the Gov- 
ernor, who was then staying at his (Mayor's) house, and af- 
terwards invited me to accompany him to the chamber of his 
Excellency, to whom I also communicated the information of 
the purposed coming of the troops. 

A general conversation then ensued, in which it was 
agreed to by all present, that any attempt to pass troops 
through the city, in the then excited condition of the public 
mind, would lead to the most fearful consequences, and that 
any such passage must he prevented or delayed. The Gov- 
ernor fully accorded in these views. 

The conversation resulted in the Governor's distinctly and 
unequivocally consenting, in response to the direct question 
put to him by the Mayor, that the bridges on the roads by 
whieh the troops were expected to come, should he distroyed 
as the only means of averting the consequences referred to, 
of their coming at that time. 

GEO. P. KANE, Marshal. 



FREDERICK, MD., May 10, 1SG1, 

Hon. John C. Brime : 

Dear Sir : As reference has been made by his Honor, the 
Mayor of Baltimore city, to my knowledge of the facts con- 
nected with the interview between him and the Governor of 
Maryland, on the night of the 1.9th ultimo, it gives me plea- 
sure to furnish the desired statement. 

I was. present between 11 and 12 o'clock, P. M., on Fri- 
day, the 19th of April, at the residence of a prominent citi- 
zen of Baltimore, when Marshal Kane, who was one of the 
company, received information. by One of his officers that a 
telegram had been sent by the President of the railroad com- 
pany at Philad< lphia., announcing the approach of troops to 



Baltimore. It was the spontaneous opinion of all present 
that, in the terrioly excited condition o1 the public mind, an 
attempt to pass troops through I be city would inevitably had 
to a bloody collision, and perhaps to other very serious con- 
sequences. It was, ther i ed to repair at (Mice to 
the office of the Marshal of Police, and to scud immediately 
for the Mayor and Governor. It was i at the time 
that Gov. Eicks was stopping at the Fountain Botel. Mar- 
shal Kane asked me to accompany him to Mayor Brown's 
bouse; and the other gentlen d to the Marshal's 
office. Marshal Kane and I accordingly went to the Mayor's 
residence, and were admitted by his brother j who said that 
Mayor had retired. In a few moments the Mayor came 
down to the parlor, wh i • 'glial Kane stated to him the 
substance of the information received, and reminded him of 
the excited condition of the city, which rendered it impera- 
tively necessary to adopt some pr ad efficient measure 
to delay the advent of the troops, so as to give time for the 
Federal Government to be correctly apprised of the state of 
affairs, and to arrest the threatened danger. For that pur- 
pose the partial destruction of the bridges was suggested- 
iyor Brown immediately assented to the suggestion as one 
of absolute necessity; but said that as Mayor of the city his 
jurisdiction terminated with its corporate limits, and that 
consequently he could not assume to exercise powers beyond 
those limits. The Mayor added — "the Governor, however, 
is here, and I will go up and see him." In a few moments 
he returned and said that Gov. Hicks was not well and 
would, therefore, receive us in his room. Immediately upon 
entering the room, Mayor Brown and Marshal Kane gave to 
Gov. Hicks a full statement of the matter, and solicited his 
authority to destroy the bridges. Gov. Hicks replied that it 
was a serious affair to undertake to destroy the bridges, and 
he expressed some doubt as to his authority to give such an 
order. It was urged in reply that it was a case of absolute 
self-preservation, "that in three or four hours time a large 
body of troops would probably be in the city inflamed with 
passionate resentment against the people of Baltimore for 
the assault made on their comrades in the Pratt street en- 
counter; and that, as the city was filled with hundreds of ex- 
cited men, armed to the teeth, and determined to resist the 
passage of troops, a fearful slaughter must necessarily ensue, 
and tJie safety of the city itself be put in peril, unless by the 
destruction of the bridges time could lie gained to avoid the 
difficulty by peaceable arrangement of some sort. Governor 
Hicks fully and most distinctly assented to all this, and said, 
"well, I suppose it must be done," or words of precisely that 



8 

import; to which the Mayor replied, substantially — "Gov- 
ernor, I have no authority to act beyond the city limits, and 
can do nothing in this matter except by your direction; shall 
the bridges be destroyed?" Gov. Hicks emphatically and 
distinctly replied in the affirmative. It is absolutely impos- 
sible for any misapprehension to exist on this point. 

The Mayor, Marshall Kane and I, then proceeded to the 
Marshal's office, where we found several highly respectable 
citizens gathered, to whom the Mayor and Marshal gave a 
statement of their interview with the Governor. The Mayor 
then issued written orders for the destruction of the bridges. 
The next morning I learned by the newspaper extras that 
the orders had been carried into effect. 

Respectfully, yours, &c. 

E. LOUIS LOWE. 



[Document G.] 



BY THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES. 

May 10, 1 SGI. 
Load, and 2000 copies ordered to be printed. 



COMMUNICATION 



FROM TITR 




apr of ^hitiman, 



Q27 



trrnr tub 



MAYOR AND BOARD OF POLICE OF BALTI- 
MORE CITY. 



FREDERICK; 

ELIHU S. RILEY, 

1861. 



C M M U X I C A T I N f 



To the Honorable, 

The General Assembly of Maryland; 

In the report recently made to your honorable "body by the 
Board of Police Commissioners of the city of Baltimore, it is 
stated that in the great emergency which existed in this city 
on the 19th nit., it was suggested that the most feasible, if 
not the only practicable mode, of stopping for a time the ap- 
proach of troops to Baltimore, Avas to obstruct the Philadel- 
phia, Wilmington and Baltimore, and the Northern Central 
Kail Roads, by disabling some of the bridges on both roads. 
And it is added that — " his honor, the Mayor, stated to the 
Board that his Excellency, the Governor, with whom he had 
a few minutes before been in consultation, in the presence of 
several citizens, concurred in these views." 

As this concurrence has since been explicitly denied by his 
Excellency, Governor Hicks, in an official communication 
addressed to the Senate of Maryland on the 4th inst., which 
I have just seen, it is due to myself that I should lay before 
you the grounds on which the statement was made to the 
Board of Police; on which they, as well as myself, acted. I 
seriously regret that so grave a misunderstanding exists be- 
tween the Governor and myself on so important a subject. 

On the evening of the 10th ult., and alter the collision had 
taken place, I mentioned to Governor Plicks that I had begun 
to fear it might be necessary to burn the Pail Road bridges, 
but I did not then, in consequence of intelligence which had 
been received, think it would be. To which he replied that 
he had no autority to give such an order. 

At about 11 o'clock P. M., of the same day, the Hon. H. 
Lenox Bond, George W. Dobbin, and John C. Brune, Esqrs., 
were requested by Gov. Hicks and myself, to go to Washing- 
ton in a special train, which was provided for the purpose, to 
explain in person the condition of things in Baltimore, and to 
bear the following communications from Governor Hicks am 1 
myself, which were addressed to the President; 



'.# 



/O S 



3 

Sir: — Tins will be -presented to you by the Hon. H. Lenox 

Bond, George \V. Dobbin and John C. Brune, Esqrs , who 

will proceed to Washington by an express train at my request, 

•v in order to explain tally the fearful, condition of affairs in 

/^ this city. The people are exasperated to the highest degree 

** by the passage of troops, and the citizens are universally de- 

< i cided in the opinion that no more should be ordered to come. 

As The authorities of the City did their best to-day to protect 

both strangers and citizens, and to prevent a collision, but 

U- in vain, and but for their great efforts a fearful slaughter 

JZ would have occurred. 

Under these circumstances, it is my solemn duty to inform 
you that it is not possible for more soldiers to pass through 
Baltimore unless they fight their way at every step. 

I therefore hope and trust, and most earnestly request, that 
no more troops be permitted or ordered by the government 
to pass through the City. If they should attempt it, the re- 
sponsibility for the bloodshed will not rest upon me. 

With great respect, your ob't serv't, 

GEO. WM. BROWN, Mayor. 



The following from Governor Hicks was appended to my 
communication: 

To His Excellency, 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN, 

President of the United States ; 

I have been in Baltimore City since Tuesday evening last, 
ujuI co-operated with Mayor G. W. Brown, in his untiring 
efforts to allay and prevent the excitement and suppress 
the fearful outbreak as indicated above, and I fully concur in 
.all that is said by him in the above communication. 

Very respectfully, your ob't serv't, 

THOMAS H. HICKS, 

Governor of Maryland* 



4 

Baltimore, May 9th, 1861. 

At about 12 o'clock P. M., the Hon. E. Louis Lowe and 
Marshal George P. Kane called at my house, where Governor 
Hicks was passing the night, and Marshal Kane informed 
me that a telegram had been received that other troops were 
to come to Baltimore over the Northern Central Rail Road. 
There was also a report that troops were on their way who, 
it was thought, might even then be at Perryville on their 
route to Baltimore. Mr. Lowe, Marshal Kane, my brother 
John Gumming Brown, and myself went immediately to the 
chamber of Gov. Hicks, and laid the matter before him. The 
point was pressed that if troops were suddenly to come to 
Baltimore with 'a' determination to pass through, a terrible 
collision and bloodshed would take place, and the consequen- 
ces to Baltimore would be fearful, and that the only way to 
avert the calamity was to destroy the bridges. To this the 
Governor replied — "it seems to be necessary," or words to 
that effect. 

He was then asked by me whether he gave his consent to 
the destruction of the bridges, and he distinctly, although 
apparently with great reluctance, replied in the affirmative. 
] do not assert that I have given the precise language used 
by Governor Hicks, but I am very clear that I have stated it 
with substantial correctness, and that his assent was une- 
quivocal, and in answer to a question by me which elicited a 
distinct affirmative reply. 

Alter this, but before the interview was over, two gentle- 
men came into the room, both of them strangers to me, but 
one was introduced as a brother of Governor Hicks, and I am 
confident that the assent of the Governor to the burning of 
the bridges was repeated in the presence of those gentlemen. 

I went immediately from the chamber of the Governor to 
Hie office of the Marshal of Police, where Charles Howard, 
'.Esq., the President of the Board of Police, was waiting, and 
reported to him the assent of the Governor to the destruction 
of the bridges. 

Mr. Howard, or some one else, made a further inquiry as 
to what ha 1 been said by the Governor, whereupon Mr. Lowe, 
Marshal Kane, and my brother, John C- Brown, all declared 
that they were present at the interview, and heard Governor 
Hicks gave his assent. 

The order to destroy the bridges was accordingly given, 
and carried out in the manner already reported to your hon- 
orable body. 

I refer to the accompanying statements of Col. Kane and 
I'.Ir. J. C. Brown, in confirmation of the correctness of my 



recollection of what occurred at tlie interview with Governor 
Hicks. 

With great respect, your oh't serv't, 

GEO. WM. BROWN, Mayor. 



Baltimore, May 0, 1861. 

About twelve o'clock, on the night of Friday, 10th April 
last, I was present when a conversation took place between 
Gov. Hicks and my brother, the Mayor of Baltimore, in 
reference to the best course to be pursued^ by which a repe- 
tition of the troubles which had occurred on that day could 
be prevented" 

It was represented to them by Marshal Kane that troops 
from the North were on their way to Baltimore, and might 
by the following morning reach the city. 

The destruction of the bridges on the Northern Centrals 
and the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore railroad, 
was, in the opinion of my brother, the best and most effec- 
tual method to obstruct their progress. In this opinion 
Gov. Hicks fully concurred. When asked by my brother, 
whether or not he gave his consent to the measure, the Gov- 
ernor expressed a desire for time for reflection. Being re- 
minded by those present of the lateness of the hour, and the 
necessity for prompt action, my brother again earnestly ap- 
pealed to Gov. Hicks, and asked him for his consent. Gov. 
Hicks' answer was, in substance, although I may not use his 
exact words,— "I see nothing else to be done." "But sir," 
said my brother, "I cannot act without your consent, do you 
give it ?" The Governor's reply was distinctly given in 
the affirmative. 

J. CUMMMING BROWN. 



POLICE DEPARTMENT. 

Office of the Marshal, 

Baltimore, Maf 9, 1861. 

Near the hour of 12 P. M. of Friday, the 19th April, the 
day on which the collision with the Massachusetts (roops oc- 
curred, I received intelligence that the President of the 



6 

Pennsylvania, Central Bailroad Company had sent a dispatcli 
to a gentleman here, that additional troops would pass 
through Baltimore on their way to the Capitol. 

I immediately sent to the President of the Police Board 
the intelligence referred to, and called at the residence of his 
Honor, Mayor Brown, to whom I, also, communicated the 
information which I had received. 

The Mayor immediately had an interview with the Gov- 
ernor, wlio was then staying at his (Mayor's) house, and af- 
terwards invited me to accompany him to the chamber of his 
Excellency, to whom I also communicated the information of 
the purposed coming of the troops. 

A general conversation then ensued, in which it was 
agreed to by all present, that any attempt to pass troops 
through the city, in the then excite! condition of the public 
mind, would lead to the most fearful consequences, and that 
,any such passage must be prevented or delayed. The Gov- 
ernor fully accorded in these views. 

The conversation resulted in the Governor's distinctly and 
unequivocally consenting, in response to the direct question 
put to him by the Mayor, that the bridges on the roads by 
which the troops were expected to come, should be distroyed 
as the only means of averting the consequences referred to, 
of their coming at that time. 

GEO. P. KANE, Marshal, 



FBEDEPJCK, MD., May 10, 1861. 

Hon. John C. Brune : 

Dear Sir : As reference has been made by his Honor, the 
Mayor of Baltimore city, to my knowledge of the facts con- 
nected with the interview between him and the Governor of 
Maryland, on the night of the 19th ultimo, it gives me plea- 
sure to furnish the desired statement. 

I was present between 11 and 12 o'clock, P. M., on Fri- 
day, the 19th of. April, at the residence of a prominent citi- 
zen of Baltimore, when Marshal Kane, who was one of the 
company, received information by >>uo of his officers that a 
telegram had been sent by the President of the railroad com- 
pany at Philadelphia, announcing the approach of troops to 



Baltimore. It was the spontaneous opinion of all present 
that, in the terriuly excited condition of the public mind, an 
attempt to pass troops through the city would inevitably lead 
to a bloody collision, and perhaps to other very serious con- 
sequences. It was, therefore, proposed to repair at once to 
the office of the Marshal of Police, and to semi immediately 
for the Mayor and Governor. It was supposed at the time 
that Gov. Hicks was stopping at the Fountain Hotel. Mar- 
shal Kane asked me to accompany him to Mayor Brown's 
house; and the other gentlemen proceeded to the Marshal's 
office. Marshal Kane and I accordingly went to the Mayor's 
residence, and were admitted by his brother, who said that 
the Mayor had retired. In a few moments the Mayor came 
down to the parlor, when Marshal Kane slated to him the 
substance of the information received, and reminded him of 
the excited condition of the city, which rendered it impera- 
tively necessary to adopt some prompt and efficient measure 
to delay the advent of the troops, so as to give time for the 
Federal Government to be correctly apprised of the state of 
affairs, and to arrest the threatened danger. For that pur- 
pose the partial destruction of the bridges was suggested* 
Mayor Brown immediately assented to the suggestion as one 
of absolute necessity; but said that as Mayor of the city his 
jurisdiction terminated with its corporate limits, and that 
consequently he could not assume to exercise powers beyond 
those limits. The Mayor added — "the Governor, however, 
is here, and I will go up and see him." In a few moments 
he returned and said that Gov. Hicks was not well and 
would, therefore, receive us in his room. Immediately upon 
entering the room, Mayor Brown and Marshal Kane gave to 
Gov. Hicks a full statement of the matter, and solicited his 
authority to destroy the bridges. Gov. Hicks replied that it, 
was a serious affair to undertake to destroy the bridges, and 
he expressed some doubt as to his authority to give such an 
-h>r. It was urged in reply that it was a case of absolute 
nervation, that in three or four hours time a large 
ops would probably be in the city inflamed with 
"ntment against the people of Baltimore for 
" their comrades in the Pratt street en- 
''**> city was filled with hundreds of ex- 
+ h, and determined to resist the 
•liter must necessarily ensue, 
"•t in peril, unless by the 
gained to avoid the 
,0c sort. Governor 
jb all this, and said, 
rds of precisely that 



■£S Y ° F INGRESS 




013 700 4^™"" % 



import; to which the Mayor replied, substantially — "Gov- 
ernor, I have no authority to act beyond the city limits, and 
can do nothing in this matter except by your direction; shall 
the bridges be destroyed?" Gov. Hicks emphatically and 
distinctly replied in the affirmative. It is absolutely impos- 
sible for any misapprehension to exist on this point. 

The Mayor, Marshall Kane and I, then proceeded to the 
Marshal's office, where we found several highly respectable 
citizens gathered, to whom the Mayor and Marshal gave a 
statement of their interview with the Governor. The Mayor 
then issued written orders for the destruction of the bridges. 
The next morning I learned by the newspaper extras that 
the orders had been carried into effect. 

Respectfully, yours, &c. 

E. LOUIS LOWE. 




013 700 465 3 



Hollinaer f!nnv 



